Ubuntu22搭建支持OpenHarmony的Flutter应用开发环境详细教程还存在若干问题和文档遗漏

2024-06-30 20:41:14 [百科] 来源：避面尹邢网

Ubuntu22搭建支持OpenHarmony的搭建Flutter应用开发环境详细教程

作者：westinyang 2023-10-17 13:43:45系统 OpenHarmony 文中涉及到的一些源码存放目录和环境变量配置，请根据你实际存放的支持位置进行相应的调整。文章附件提供Flutter打包的应用开OpenHarmony应用hap样本，可供参考研究。发环

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Ubuntu22搭建支持OpenHarmony的Flutter应用开发环境详细教程还存在若干问题和文档遗漏

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Ubuntu22搭建支持OpenHarmony的Flutter应用开发环境详细教程还存在若干问题和文档遗漏

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Ubuntu22搭建支持OpenHarmony的Flutter应用开发环境详细教程还存在若干问题和文档遗漏

序言

实践过程中的部分视频演示
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Dp4y1w7kP
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Fj411t7mM

由于支持OpenHarmony的Flutter发布不久，还存在若干问题和文档遗漏，搭建随着时间的支持推移都在不断完善，本文是应用开我在搭建开发环境和探索研究过程下来的一个详细笔记，希望对大家有所帮助！发环
文中涉及到的境详一些源码存放目录和环境变量配置，请根据你实际存放的细教位置进行相应的调整。
文章附件提供Flutter打包的搭建OpenHarmony应用hap样本，可供参考研究

环境概述

Ubuntu 22.04 (虚拟机)
Flutter Engine https://gitee.com/openharmony-sig/flutter_engine
Flutter SDK https://gitee.com/openharmony-sig/flutter_flutter
ohos-sdk-full 4.0 beta2 http://ci.openharmony.cn/workbench/cicd/dailybuild/dailylist

Flutter Engine 环境和编译

安装依赖

sudo apt install git curl unzip pkgconf python3-pip
depot_tools

mkdir ~/workcd ~/workgit clone https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.gitvim ~/.bashrc# --- 写入下面这行配置export PATH="$PATH:/home/ubuntu/work/depot_tools"# ---source ~/.bashrc

获取源码

ssh-keygencat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub# Gitee - 设置 - SSH公钥 - 添加cd ~/workmkdir enginecd enginetouch .gclientvim .gclient# --- 写入如下内容solutions = [  {     "managed": False,支持    "name": "src/flutter",    "url": "git@gitee.com:openharmony-sig/flutter_engine.git",    "custom_deps": { },    "deps_file": "DEPS",    "safesync_url": "",  },]# ---gclient sync# 从 http://ci.openharmony.cn/workbench/cicd/dailybuild/dailylist 每日构建中，下载ohos-sdk-full，应用开在engine根目录下，新建文件夹 ndk/linux/4.0 ，解压ohos-sdk-full sdk中的native文件夹到 ndk/linux/4.0 文件夹中；mkdir -p ndk/linux/4.0cd ndk/linux/4.0# 把 native-linux-x64-4.0.9.6-Beta2.zip 放到此目录，并解压unzip native-linux-x64-4.0.9.6-Beta2.zip

编译构建

开始编译：

cd ~/work/enginemake

出现如下错误：

../../third_party/dart/runtime/bin/socket_base_posix.cc -o obj/third_party/dart/runtime/bin/dart_io_api.socket_base_posix.o../../third_party/dart/runtime/bin/socket_base_posix.cc:154:12: error: comparison of integers of different signs: 'unsigned long' and 'long' [-Werror,-Wsign-compare]    cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg);           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/home/ubuntu/work/engine/ndk/linux/4.0/native/sysroot/usr/include/sys/socket.h:360:44: note: expanded from macro 'CMSG_NXTHDR'        __CMSG_LEN(cmsg) + sizeof(struct cmsghdr) >= __MHDR_END(mhdr) - (unsigned char *)(cmsg) \        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~../../third_party/dart/runtime/bin/socket_base_posix.cc:160:15: error: comparison of integers of different signs: 'unsigned long' and 'long' [-Werror,-Wsign-compare]       cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg), control_message++) {               ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/home/ubuntu/work/engine/ndk/linux/4.0/native/sysroot/usr/include/sys/socket.h:360:44: note: expanded from macro 'CMSG_NXTHDR'        __CMSG_LEN(cmsg) + sizeof(struct cmsghdr) >= __MHDR_END(mhdr) - (unsigned char *)(cmsg) \        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~../../third_party/dart/runtime/bin/socket_base_posix.cc:263:33: error: comparison of integers of different signs: 'unsigned long' and 'long' [-Werror,-Wsign-compare]         i++, message++, cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {                                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/home/ubuntu/work/engine/ndk/linux/4.0/native/sysroot/usr/include/sys/socket.h:360:44: note: expanded from macro 'CMSG_NXTHDR'        __CMSG_LEN(cmsg) + sizeof(struct cmsghdr) >= __MHDR_END(mhdr) - (unsigned char *)(cmsg) \        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3 errors generated.[122/8624] CXX obj/flutter/third_party/tonic/file_loader/tonic.file_loader_posix.oninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

解决方案，忽略编译警告，重新编译通过修改 /home/ubuntu/work/engine/src/build/config/compiler/BUILD.gn。

# 搜索 default_warning_flags = 修改为下面的代码# line 602 603default_warning_flags = ["-Wno-sign-compare"]default_warning_flags_cc = ["-Wno-sign-compare"]

编译成功输出目录：

/home/ubuntu/work/engine/src/out/ohos_debug_unopt_arm64/home/ubuntu/work/engine/src/out/ohos_release_arm64

Flutter SDK 环境和配置Clone SDK

git clone https://gitee.com/openharmony-sig/flutter_flutter

~/.bashrc 完整环境

可以参考下，根据你实际的存放位置修改路径。

# depot-toolsexport PATH="$PATH:/home/ubuntu/work/depot_tools"# javaexport JAVA_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/jdk-17.0.8export PATH="$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"# node.jsexport NODE_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/node-v14.19.1-linux-x64export PATH="$PATH:$NODE_HOME/bin"# ohosexport PATH="$PATH:/home/ubuntu/env/oh-command-line-tools/bin"export OHOS_SDK_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/ohos-sdkexport OHPM_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/oh-command-line-tools/ohpmexport SIGN_TOOL_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/developtools_hapsigner/autosign# gradleexport GRADLE_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/gradle-7.1export PATH="$PATH:$GRADLE_HOME/bin"# flutterexport PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cnexport FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cnexport PATH="$PATH:/home/ubuntu/env/flutter_flutter/bin"# hdcexport HDC_HOME=/home/ubuntu/env/ohos-sdk/10/toolchainsexport PATH="$PATH:$HDC_HOME"

环境细节

Command Line Tools for OpenHarmony

ohcommandline-tools-linux-2.0.0.2.zip
use ohos-full-sdk api10
ohpm/in/init 安装 ohpm 如果失败多尝试几次

developtools_hapsigner

参照developtools_hapsigner的readme，编译得到 hap-sign-tool.jar ，确保其在目录下：./hapsigntool/hap_sign_tool/build/libs/hap-sign-tool.jar（编译需要 jdk11 + gradle7.1）
进入autosign文件夹，执行命令 chmod 777 *.sh，并且新增 profile_tmp_template.json 文件，编辑如下：

{   "version-name": "2.0.0",  "version-code": 2,  "app-distribution-type": "os_integration",  "uuid": "5027b99e-5f9e-465d-9508-a9e0134ffe18",  "validity": {       "not-before": 1594865258,      "not-after": 1689473258  },  "type": "release",  "bundle-info": {       "developer-id": "OpenHarmony",      "distribution-certificate": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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\noN9sYD6Oks4VGRw6yQ==\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n",      "bundle-name": "{ { ohosId}}",      "apl": "normal",      "app-feature": "hos_normal_app"  },  "acls": {       "allowed-acls": [          ""      ]  },  "permissions": {       "restricted-permissions": []  },  "issuer": "pki_internal"}

编辑 autosign.config 和 createAppCertAndProfile.config，修改值：sign.profile.inFile=profile_tmp.json。
配置 <当前项目flutter_flutter目录>/bin 到环境变量PATH，确保 which flutter 能找到 <flutter sdk>/bin/flutter 位置
运行 flutter docker，检查环境变量配置是否都正确。
打开vscode，安装flutter插件，如果flutter sdk配置正确，可发现OpenHarmony连接设备，可在vscode上运行和调试应用。

补充细节

ohos-sdk & hdc，通过 ohsdkmgr 手动下载SDK，添加api10的full-sdk，并配置到环境变量。
npm 需要正确配置 .npmrc，否则后续 hvigor 编译ohos项目会出错。

touch ~/.npmrcvim ~/.npmrc# 写入如下内容registry=https://registry.npmjs.org@ohos:registry=https://repo.harmonyos.com/npm/# 或者这样registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org@ohos:registry=https://repo.harmonyos.com/npm/

项目创建编译等命令

常用命令：

# 环境检测	flutter doctor# 环境配置flutter config --<key> <value># 创建新项目flutter create --platforms ohos,android --org <org> <appName># 已连接设备查找flutter devices# 应用安装flutter install# 资源打包flutter assemble# 应用构建flutter build hap --target-platform ohos-arm --debug true --local-engine=<兼容ohos的engine产物路径># 应用运行flutter run --local-engine=<兼容ohos的engine产物路径># 调试模式flutter attach

实践命令（创建项目并打包hap）。

# createflutter create --platforms ohos,android myappcd myapp# build debug hapflutter build hap --target-platform ohos-arm64 --debug true --local-engine=/home/ubuntu/work/engine/src/out/ohos_debug_unopt_arm64# build release hapflutter build hap --target-platform ohos-arm64 --local-engine=/home/ubuntu/work/engine/src/out/ohos_release_arm64

flutter build hap -h。

Build an Ohos Hap file from your app.Global options:-h, --help                  Print this usage information.-v, --verbose               Noisy logging, including all shell commands executed.                            If used with "--help", shows hidden options. If used with "flutter doctor", shows additional diagnostic information. (Use "-vv" to force verbose logging in those cases.)-d, --device-id             Target device id or name (prefixes allowed).    --version               Reports the version of this tool.    --suppress-analytics    Suppress analytics reporting when this command runs.Usage: flutter build hap [arguments]-h, --help               Print this usage information.    --target-platform    The target platform for which the app is compiled.                         [ohos-arm64 (default), ohos-arm, ohos-x86]    --debug              Build a debug version of your app.    --profile            Build a version of your app specialized for performance profiling.    --release            Build a release version of your app (default mode).