大家好,事生效我是场景田螺。
日常开发中,美团面我们经常使用到spring事务。事生效最近星球一位还有去美团面试,场景被问了这么一道面试题: Spring 事务在哪几种情况下会不生效? 今天田螺哥跟大家聊聊,spring事务不生效的15种场景。
//@Service (注释了@Service)
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
//保存tianluo实体数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo流水数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
// 没有配置事务管理器
}
@Service
public class MyService {
@Transactional
public void doSomething() {
// ...
}
}
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());
}
}
@Service
public class MyService {
@Transactional
public void doSomething() {
// ...
}
}
如果是Spring Boot项目,它默认会自动配置事务管理器并开启事务支持。
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public final void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
//保存tianluo实体数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo流水数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo){
// 调用内部的事务方法
this.executeAddTianLuo(tianluo);
}
@Transactional
public void executeAddTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoExecuteServiceImpl implements TianLuoExecuteService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public void executeAddTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoAddServiceImpl implements TianLuoAddService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoExecuteService tianLuoExecuteService;
public void addTianLuo(User user){
tianLuoExecuteService.executeAddTianLuo(user);
}
}
当然,有时候你也可以在该 Service 类中注入自己,或者通过AopContext.currentProxy()获取代理对象。
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
private void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
Spring事务的底层,还是依赖于数据库本身的事务支持。在MySQL中,MyISAM存储引擎是不支持事务的,InnoDB引擎才支持事务。因此开发阶段设计表的时候,确认你的选择的存储引擎是支持事务的。
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
public void updateUser(User user) {
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
@Transactional(timeout = 1)
public void doSomething() {
//...
}
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
public void doInsertTianluo(TianLuo tianluo) throws Exception {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(buildFlowByTianLuo(tianluo));
}
}
帮大家复习一下,Spring提供了七种事务传播机制。它们分别是:
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Error.class)
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
//保存tianluo数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo流水数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(tianluo);
//模拟异常抛出
throw new Exception();
}
}
大家可以看一下Transactional注解源码哈:
public interface MyRepository {
@Transactional
void save(String data);
}
public class MyRepositoryImpl implements MyRepository {
@Override
public void save(String data) {
// 数据库操作
}
}
public class MyService {
@Autowired
private MyRepository myRepository;
@Transactional
public void doSomething(String data) {
myRepository.save(data);
}
}
public class MyTianluoService extends MyService {
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)
public void doSomething(String data) {
super.doSomething(data);
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceInOutService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowService tianLuoFlowService;
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) throws Exception {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
tianLuoFlowService.saveFlow(tianluo);
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoFlowService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NESTED)
public void saveFlow(TianLuo tianLuo) {
tianLuoFlowMapper.save(tianLuo);
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
以上代码使用了嵌套事务,如果saveFlow出现运行时异常,会继续往上抛,到外层addTianLuo的方法,导致tianLuoMapper.save也会回滚啦。如果不想因为被内部嵌套的事务影响,可以用try-catch包住,如下:
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) throws Exception {
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
try {
tianLuoFlowService.saveFlow(tianluo);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("save tian luo flow fail,message:{ }",e.getMessage());
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowService tianLuoFlowService;
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
//保存tianluo数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//多线程调用
new Thread(() -> {
tianLuoFlowService.saveFlow(tianluo);
}).start();
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoFlowService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public void save(TianLuo tianLuo) {
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(tianLuo);
}
}
在Spring事务管理器中,通过TransactionSynchronizationManager类来管理事务上下文。TransactionSynchronizationManager内部维护了一个ThreadLocal对象,用来存储当前线程的事务上下文。在事务开始时,TransactionSynchronizationManager会将事务上下文绑定到当前线程的ThreadLocal对象中,当事务结束时,TransactionSynchronizationManager会将事务上下文从ThreadLocal对象中移除。
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
try {
//保存tianluo数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo flow数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(tianluo);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("add TianLuo error,id:{ },message:{ }", tianluo.getId(),e.getMessage());
}
}
}
public abstract class TransactionAspectSupport implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean {
//这方法会省略部分代码,只留关键代码哈
@Nullable
protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable {
if (txAttr == null || !(ptm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(ptm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
Object retVal;
try {
//Spring AOP中MethodInterceptor接口的一个方法,它允许拦截器在执行被代理方法之前和之后执行额外的逻辑。
retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
//用于在发生异常时完成事务(如果Spring catch不到对应的异常的话,就不会进入回滚事务的逻辑)
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
//用于在方法正常返回后提交事务。
commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
return retVal;
}
}
在invokeWithinTransaction方法中,当Spring catch到Throwable异常的时候,就会调用completeTransactionAfterThrowing()方法进行事务回滚的逻辑。但是,在TianLuoServiceImpl类的spring事务方法addTianLuo中,直接把异常catch住了,并没有重新throw出来,因此 Spring自然就catch不到异常啦,因此事务回滚的逻辑就不会执行,事务就失效了。
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) {
try {
//保存tianluo数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo flow数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(tianluo);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("add TianLuo error,id:{ },message:{ }", tianluo.getId(),e.getMessage());
throw e;
}
}
}
@Service
public class TianLuoServiceImpl implements TianLuoService {
@Autowired
private TianLuoMapper tianLuoMapper;
@Autowired
private TianLuoFlowMapper tianLuoFlowMapper;
@Transactional
public void addTianLuo(TianLuo tianluo) throws Exception {
//保存tianluo数据库记录
tianLuoMapper.save(tianluo);
//保存tianluo流水数据库记录
tianLuoFlowMapper.saveFlow(tianluo);
throw new Exception();
}
}
注解为事务范围的方法中,事务的回滚仅仅对于unchecked的异常有效。对于checked异常无效。也就是说事务回滚仅仅发生在,出现RuntimeException或Error的时候。通俗一点就是:代码中出现的空指针等异常,会被回滚。而文件读写、网络超时问题等,spring就没法回滚了。
责任编辑:武晓燕 来源: 捡田螺的小男孩 spring事务场景(责任编辑:时尚)
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